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cakephp/debug_kit: MailPreview contains unsafe reflection

Moderate severity GitHub Reviewed Published Jun 16, 2026 in cakephp/debug_kit • Updated Aug 26, 2026

Package

composer cakephp/debug_kit (Composer)

Affected versions

< 4.10.3
>= 5.0.0, < 5.2.4

Patched versions

4.10.3
5.2.4

Description

Impact

The MailPreview feature of debugkit is vulnerable to arbitrary constructor execution. For an application to be vulnerable the following conditions must be true:

  1. debug mode must be enabled.
  2. The hostname must match a 'local' domain or be in an allowlist.

Patches

5.2.4 and 4.10.3 contain patches for this issue.

Workarounds

Ensure that debugkit is only part of your development dependencies, and that debug mode is disabled in production environments.

References

@markstory markstory published to cakephp/debug_kit Jun 16, 2026
Published to the GitHub Advisory Database Aug 26, 2026
Reviewed Aug 26, 2026
Last updated Aug 26, 2026

Severity

Moderate

CVSS overall score

This score calculates overall vulnerability severity from 0 to 10 and is based on the Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS).
/ 10

CVSS v3 base metrics

Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
None
Availability
None

CVSS v3 base metrics

Attack vector: More severe the more the remote (logically and physically) an attacker can be in order to exploit the vulnerability.
Attack complexity: More severe for the least complex attacks.
Privileges required: More severe if no privileges are required.
User interaction: More severe when no user interaction is required.
Scope: More severe when a scope change occurs, e.g. one vulnerable component impacts resources in components beyond its security scope.
Confidentiality: More severe when loss of data confidentiality is highest, measuring the level of data access available to an unauthorized user.
Integrity: More severe when loss of data integrity is the highest, measuring the consequence of data modification possible by an unauthorized user.
Availability: More severe when the loss of impacted component availability is highest.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N

EPSS score

Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS)

This score estimates the probability of this vulnerability being exploited within the next 30 days. Data provided by FIRST.
(44th percentile)

Weaknesses

Use of Externally-Controlled Input to Select Classes or Code ('Unsafe Reflection')

The product uses external input with reflection to select which classes or code to use, but it does not sufficiently prevent the input from selecting improper classes or code. Learn more on MITRE.

CVE ID

CVE-2026-54614

GHSA ID

GHSA-p46m-g734-vpc4

Source code

Credits

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